Role of the government in increasing the women’s’ participation The Government of Afghanistan or the executive branch of government, in accordance with article 22 of the Constitution: (Every kind of discrimination and privilege is prohibited between the citizens of Afghanistan. The citizens of Afghanistan, including men and women, are equal before the law with equal rights and obligations). According to Annex 1, Principle 5 of the London Agreement on Afghanistan, Gender Equality: By December 2010, the National Action Plan for Afghan Women will be fully implemented. In line with MDG goals of Afghanistan, the women's participation will increase in all government departments, including elected and appointed agencies of the civil service sector. It is considered obligatory to provide women with all levels of selection and appointment; unfortunately, the text of the London agreement has expired since about 7 years, but no significant work has been done in this regard. Therefore, the Afghan government is required to carry out the following for meaningful women's participation: Principle one: Increase of the quota of women as decision-makers in governmental senior positions (Managerial and exertive post) "The government should consider gender composition in all departments." Inclusion of women as decision makers governmental in senior (Managerial and exertive post) is very small and their participation in political positions should be considered in proportion to their populations by senior government officials. It is suggested that the leadership of the Afghan government, when appointing people as government officials, considers the gender as a fundamental issue, and, on the other hand, the MOWA as a Policy maker entity shall consider the gender mainstreaming in its policies. So as to be effective in dismantling women’s deprivations and reviving their political rights. The leaders of the government must fulfill their obligations in this regard, because the superficial and symbolic attention reduces the active role of whom indifferent arenas in particular the political and electoral areas. Principle Two: Participation of women at the administrative and operational levels of the electoral process. The Independent Election Commission (IEC), as a competent entity in the electoral field, has to play a role in increasing the participation of women in elections through the appointment of women at the leadership and decision-making levels in provincial and district positions. Afterwords, according to past bitter experiences (previous elections), electoral commissions should focus on strengthening the principles of impartiality and addressing gender based discriminations against women as an effective commission and make accurate decisions and exercise their responsibilities. It is strongly recommended that the IEC consider the following points in this regard: - Non-biased behavior of IEC staff at decision-making and operational levels against women; - Appointment of women in the provincial election commissions at the decision-making level to eliminate discriminatory practices against women; - The development of a mechanism to combat barriers that create gender discrimination and tolerance towards women through holding consultative meetings among women at the provincial level.